What Is Germany's Cannabis Law?

Detailed Answer

Germany's Cannabis Act (Cannabisgesetz, abbreviated CanG) was passed by the Bundestag on February 23, 2024, approved by the Bundesrat on March 22, 2024, and took effect on April 1, 2024. It represents the most significant cannabis reform by any large EU economy and established a comprehensive legal framework for adult cannabis use.

Key provisions of the law include personal possession limits of 25 grams in public and 50 grams at home, cultivation of up to three flowering plants per adult in private residences, and the establishment of cannabis social clubs (Anbauvereinigungen) as the primary non-commercial distribution channel. Clubs are limited to 500 members, must be non-profit, and can distribute up to 25 grams per member per day (50 grams per month), with reduced limits for 18-to-21-year-olds (7 grams per day, 30 grams per month with a 10% THC cap).

The law includes extensive public health protections: consumption is prohibited within 100 meters of schools, daycare centers, playgrounds, public sports facilities, and in pedestrian zones between 7am and 8pm. Advertising cannabis is prohibited. All products must include health warnings, THC/CBD content information, and be distributed in plain packaging. Clubs must appoint prevention officers and provide drug education resources.

A planned second phase would introduce pilot programs for commercial retail sales through licensed shops in selected regions, subject to EU notification. This phase is designed to test whether regulated retail can further reduce the black market and generate tax revenue. Implementation timelines have been subject to delay, as regulatory frameworks for retail licensing, product testing, and supply chain tracking need to be developed. The law also includes amnesty provisions for past convictions for activities now legal under the CanG.